| 詞或詞組 | 中文 | 英文解釋中文解釋 |
|---|---|---|
| Q-factor | 品質因素 |
(quality factor, sharpness of resonance) A non-dimensional parameter that describes, for a given resonant mode, the sharpness of the peak in the frequency response of a lightly-damped linear oscillator: Q = ωRES/Δω where ωRES?is the resonance frequency and Δω is the half-power bandwidth of the resonance. It is inversely related to the damping such that a broad peak corresponds to high damping and a narrow peak to low damping. （品質因數，共振尖銳度）一個無量綱參數，用于描述給定共振模式下，輕阻尼線性振蕩器頻率響應峰值的尖銳度：Q=ωRES/Δω，其中ωRES是共振頻率，Δω是共振的半功率帶寬。它與阻尼成反比，因此寬峰值對應于高阻尼，窄峰值對應于低阻尼。 |
| Quarter hard | （1/4H）低硬（回火） |
A temper of nonferrous alloys and some ferrous alloys characterized by tensile strength aboutmidway between that of dead soft and half hard tempers. 非鐵合金和某些鐵合金的一種回火，其特點是抗拉強度介于軟態和半硬態之間。 |
| Quench (quenching) | 淬火 |
Rapid cooling. When applicable, the following more specific terms should be used: brine quenching, caustic quenching, cold die quenching, forced-air quenching, intense quenching, oil quenching, press quenching, spray quenching, direct quenching, fog quenching, hot quenching, interrupted quenching, selective quenching, time quenching, and water quenching. 1. The process of rapid-cooling by plunging an object into a bath of water, oil, salt, molten metal, or other media. It is a method of heat treatment used particularly to form martensite preparatory to tempering steels. The bath temperature is the quench temperature. 2. The suppression of combustion. 3. In a piston engine, the cooling of a fraction of the gases during combustion, typically by reducing the clearance between the piston crown and the cylinder head. 快速冷卻。適用時，應使用以下更具體的術語：鹽水淬火、堿淬火、冷模淬火、強制空氣淬火、強淬火、油淬火、壓力淬火、噴射淬火、直接淬火、霧淬火、熱淬火、間斷淬火、選擇性淬火、時間淬火和水淬火。1.通過將物體放入水、油、鹽、熔融金屬或其他介質的浴中快速冷卻的過程。這是一種熱處理方法，特別用于形成回火鋼前的馬氏體。浴溫度是淬火溫度。2.燃燒的抑制。3.在活塞式發動機中，燃燒過程中一部分氣體的冷卻，通常通過減小活塞頂和氣缸蓋之間的間隙來實現。 |
| Quench aging | 淬火時效 |
Aging induced by rapid cooling after solution heat treatment. 固溶熱處理后快速冷卻引起的時效。 |
| Quench annealing | 淬火退火 |
Annealing an austenitic ferrous alloy by solution heat treatment followed by rapid quenching. 通過固溶熱處理然后快速淬火對奧氏體鐵合金進行退火。 |
| Quench cracking | 淬火開裂 |
Fracture of a metal during quenching from elevated temperature. Most frequently observed in hardened carbon steel, alloy steel, or tool steel parts of high hardness and low toughness. Cracks often emanate from fillets, holes, corners, or other stress raisers and result from high stresses due to the volume changes accompanying transformation to martensite. 高溫淬火時金屬斷裂。在高硬度和低韌性的硬化碳鋼、合金鋼或工具鋼零件中最常見。裂紋通常來自圓角、孔、角部或其他應力集中區，并由伴隨馬氏體轉變的體積變化引起的高應力引起。 |
| Quench hardening | 淬火硬化 |
(1) Hardening suitable alpha-beta alloys (most often certain copper to titanium alloys) by solution treating and quenching to develop a martensitic-like structure. (2) In ferrous alloys, hardening by austenitizing and then cooling at a rate such that a substantial amount of austenite transforms to martensite. （1）通過固溶處理和淬火硬化合適的α-β合金（通常是某些銅-鈦合金），以形成類似馬氏體的結構。（2）在鐵合金中，通過奧氏體化硬化，然后以一定速度冷卻，使大量奧氏體轉變為馬氏體。 |
| Quench-age embrittlement | 淬火時效脆化 |
Embrittlement of low-carbon steels resulting from precipitation of solute carbon at existing dislocations and from precipitation hardening of the steel caused by differences in ferrite at different temperatures. Quenchage embrittlement usually is caused by rapid cooling of the steel from temperatures slightly below Ac1?(the temperature at which austenite begins to form), and can be minimized by quenching from lower temperatures. 低碳鋼的脆化是由于溶質碳在現有位錯處的沉淀和鐵素體在不同溫度下的差異導致的鋼沉淀硬化造成的。淬火脆性通常是由鋼從略低于Ac1的溫度（奧氏體開始形成的溫度）快速冷卻引起的，可以通過從較低溫度淬火來最小化。 |
| Quick coupling | 快速接頭 |
(quick disconnect, fast coupling) A hose connection allowing rapid assembly or disassembly and comprising a socket and a plug incorporating a springloaded locking mechanism. （快速斷開、快速連接）一種軟管連接，允許快速組裝或拆卸，包括插座和帶有彈簧加載鎖定機構的插頭。 |
| Quimby screw pump | 昆比螺桿泵 |
A screw pump with two meshing screws, each having a righthand and a left-hand screw. Liquid enters at either end and is discharged from the middle. 帶有兩個嚙合螺釘的螺桿泵，每個都有一個右旋螺紋和一個左旋螺紋。液體從兩端進入，從中間排出。 |